Durendal, also spelled Durandal, was the name of the infamous sword of Roland; one of Charlemagne’s Twelve Peers, and the leader of the first paladins. In Le Chanson de Roland (The Song of Roland), the sword is said to contain within its golden hilt a tooth of Saint Peter, blood of Basil of Caesarea, hair of Saint Denis, and a piece of the raiment of Mary, mother of Jesus. According to the legend as recounted in the poem, at the Battle of Roncevaux Pass in 778 AD, Roland took the rearguard to hold off Saracen troops long enough for Charlemagne's army to retreat to safety. He slew a vast number of enemies. Wielding Durendal, he sliced the right arm of the Saracen king Marsile, decapitated the king's son Jursaleu and put the one-hundred-thousand-strong army to flight. His mission accomplished, Roland then attempted to destroy Durendal by hitting it against blocks of marble to prevent it from being captured by the Saracens, but the sword proved to be indestructible. Finally, mortally wounded, he hid it beneath his body as he lay dying along with the oliphant, the horn he had used to alert Charlemagne.
